Tylosin Tartrate, The water soluble Tylosin
You may be well aware that Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic. I have written a detailed article regarding Tylosin. Titled Tylosin: A Macrolide for Vets. In that article, I briefly explored the two different forms of Tylosin, i.e., Tylosin Tartrate and Tylosin Phosphate. Tylosin phosphate is primarily used in feed as a growth promoter for cattle and swine.
It is Tylosin Tartrate, the star of this article, which is predominantly used in finished pharmaceutical formulations around the world to treat bacterial infections. It can be administered to Chickens, Pigs, Goats, Sheep, Cattle, and sometimes dogs.
The most prominent brand of Tylosin Tartrate finished formulation is Tylan, manufactured by Elanco an American pharmaceutical manufacturer. It is authorized to be used in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. In India, Tylosin Tartrate is available under the brand name Tylasol. In Pakistan, Tylosin Tartrate is available under the brand name TyloHawk manufactured by Hawk Bio Pharma. In Australia, Tylosin Tartrate is available under the brand name Tylovet manufactured by Abbey Labs.
Tylosin Tartrate API is produced by many well-reputed companies. Some of them are mentioned here: Elanco, an American pharmaceutical company, Huvepharma a Bulgarian pharmaceutical company, Ningxia Tairui Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, and Shandong Lukang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. All very prominent Chinese companies.
Tylosin Tartrate is an almost white or slightly yellow, hygroscopic powder. Tylosin Tartrate is highly soluble in water. Tylosin Tartrate contains Tylosin A, Tylosin B, Tylosin C, and Tylosin D. Tylosin A forms the major part of Tylosin Tartrate reaching at least 80%. As per European Pharmacopeia Monograph 1274, the Potency of Tylosin Tartrate is a Minimum of 800 IU/mg (dried substance). I know all this because I have read the aforementioned monograph.
It is Tylosin Tartrate that you would mostly come across during livestock farming. The reason, as already mentioned above is that Tylosin tartrate is water Soluble. Tylosin Tartrate is approved for emergency use in honeybees to control American foulbrood, administered at 200 mg per hive combined with 20 gm of powdered sugar, given once a week for three weeks.
In calves, it can be provided orally in drinking water, milk, or milk replacer, with a dosage range of 10 mg to 40 mg/kg body weight (bw) daily. In cattle, it’s generally administered through intramuscular injections (IM), with a recommended dose between 5mg and 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. For pigs, Tylosin Tartrate can be given via drinking water at 5mg to 25 mg/kg body weight (bw) each day, added to feed at 3mg to 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day, or injected intramuscularly at 5mg to 20 mg/kg body weight per day.
In poultry, Tylosin Tartrate is primarily used to treat chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chickens and infectious sinusitis in turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum. It may be administered through drinking water at a dose of about 25 mg to 30 mg/kg body weight (bw) daily.
To conclude, if you are going to use Tylosin Tartrate in your livestock farming it would be advisable not to use acidic media. Tylosin Tartrate is unstable in an acidic environment. Use of Tylosin Tartrate in horses is not recommended. Use purified water free from salts of calcium and magnesium to get the best out of Tylosin Tartrate.